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Heavy metal pollution in a reforested mangrove ecosystem (Can Gio Biosphere Reserve, Southern Vietnam): Effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors over a thirty-year history

Costa-Böddeker S. Institute of Geosystems and Bioindication, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 19c, Braunschweig, D-38106, Germany|
Schwalb A. | Smol J.P. | Huy H.Đ. | van Gaever P. Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Queen's University, Dept. Biology, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada| de Stigter H.C. NIOZ - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, Den Hoorn, Texel 1797 SZ, Netherlands| Hoelzmann P. Institut für Geographische Wissenschaften, Physische Geographie, Freie Universität Berlin, Malteserstr. 74-100, Berlin, 12249, Germany| Thuyên L.X. Faculty of Biology – Biotechnology, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam|

Science of the Total Environment Số , năm 2020 (Tập 716, trang -)

ISSN: 489697

ISSN: 489697

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137035

Tài liệu thuộc danh mục: ISI, Scopus

Article

English

Từ khóa: Biospherics; Ecosystems; Forestry; Heavy metals; Land use; Organic carbon; Pollution; Sedimentology; Heavy metal enrichments; Land-use change; Multiple stressors; Pollution index; Sediment quality guidelines; Sediments; chromium; heavy metal; lead 210; nickel; nitrogen; organic carbon; anthropogenic source; environmental stress; geoaccumulation; heavy metal; land use change; mangrove; point source pollution; sediment pollution; accumulation ratio; adverse outcome; air pollution; aquatic environment; Article; biological activity; biosphere; concentration (parameter); environmental enrichment; environmental impact; environmental management; environmental stress; industrialization; mangrove; nonhuman; priority journal; quality control; reforestation; risk assessment; sediment; species conservation; threat; total organic carbon; Viet Nam; water pollution; Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve; Viet Nam
Tóm tắt tiếng anh
fractory organic matter. Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQG's) violations were observed particularly after the establishment of industries in the area in the late-1990s. Chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) exceeded the threshold effect levels (TEL); whereas nickel (Ni) was above the probable effects level (PEL), identifying the risk of potential adverse biological effects. Moderate contamination, mainly from cobalt (Co) and lead (Pb), was detected by the contamination factor (CF) index, with Pb levels likely originating from mainly anthropogenic sources, particularly after ~1992, as indicated by elevated enrichment factor (EF) values. A high positive correlation was found between Pb, Cr, Cu and Ni (r ≥ 0.8), while Co, cadmium (Cd) and TOC were highly positive correlated (r = 0.9). We identified evidence of point sources, atmospheric pollution and erosion as the main contributors to enhanced HM levels. However, negative values of the Geo-accumulation index (I-geo) indicated uncontaminated sediments. This discrepancy in pollution indices was likely due to the use of shale averages instead of regional levels as background values, as well as the influence of multiple stressors. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

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